La nomenclature technique des appareils photo et de leurs objectifs ne déroge pas à la règle qui veut que l’on n’y comprenne rien.
Chez Nikon comme chez les autres, on a vite fait de s’y perdre entre A, F, AF-S,AF-I, DX, VR,etc… j’en passe et des meilleurs.
Voici un tableau récapitulatif des acronymes dans le monde de Nikon.
A — The original bayonet lens type (1959). Manual focus lens. Considered Pre-AI
ADR — Aperture Direct Readout. A fancy way of saying that aperture scale can be seen directly by the cameras that have overhanding prisms (ala F4, F5). Started with AI lenses in 1977.
AF-I — An autofocus lens with an Integrated, coreless focus motor (1992). All AF-I lenses are D-type, but some older bodies can’t autofocus with them (N60, N8008).
AF-S — An autofocus lens with a Silent wave, integrated, coreless focus motor (1996). Basically an update to AF-I. Some older bodies can’t autofocus with them (N60, N8008). Some newer bodies (D40, D40x) can only autofocus with them.
AI — Aperture Indexing (1977). Manual focus lens.
AI-P — An AI lens variant (1988) that was « chipped » to send data to the camera.
AI-S — A variant of AI designed to be used with Program and Shutter-priority exposure modes (1982). Manual focus lens. Distinguished by smallest aperture being printed in orange and a small scoop on the bayonet flange, which transmits aperture info. Otherwise same as AI.
ASP — Lens has aspherical elements in its optic design.
C — A lens coating type (Nikon Integrated Coating) for Pre-AI lenses. Distinguished by a C after the lens designation and a black filter ring.
CRC — Close Range Correction, means that the lens was designs to provide superior focusing at close distances and with flat fields.
D — (1992) Adds distance information to the data transmitted to the camera via chip. Distinguished by the D or G after the lens designation.
DC — Defocus Control lens, allows the photographer to change the degree of spherical aberration in the out-of-focus areas to provide for better bokeh.
DX — Indicates a lens designed to cover the smaller image circle of the digital camera bodies. May still work on 35mm bodies at some focal lengths.
E — A special type of AI lens (1977) introduced with the consumer-oriented EM body. Says Nikon Series E on the lens. Light in weight, plastic in construction, but optically good.
ED — Extra-low Dispersion element(s) used in the lens.
G — Removes the aperture ring from a D-type lens. Thus needs to be used on camera with Command dial control of apertures. With some older cameras (N90s, for example), can be used in Program or Shutter-priority exposure mode, though.
IF — Lens uses internal focusing rather than moving or turning outer elements.
IX — Lenses for the Pronea system (Advanced Photo System). Can’t be used on the 35mm or digital bodies.
K — Another Pre-AI lens type, this time with rubber focus rings.
N — Originally, the actual designation used for the first AI lenses; beginning in 2005 it now stands for Nano Crystal Coat, a special type of flare reduction coating applied to newer lenses.
NIC — Nikon Integrated Coating. A fancy way of referring to Nikon’s glass coating system, which is used to help reduce flare and ghosting.
PC — Perspective Control lens, allows the front of the lens to be shifted relative to the rest of the lens to correct for perspective. All PC lenses are either AI or AI-P in type.
RF — Rear Focusing, means that lens achieves focusing by moving the rear elements; similar to IF.
SIC — Super Integrated Coating, a multi-layer flare reduction coating, usually applied to the more complex zoom lenses.
VR — Vibration Reduction lens, corrects for camera movement during exposure. VR function only works on post F5 cameras (e.g., not F4, N90s, N60, N70, N8008). Lately, Nikon has been using a VRII designation to indicate some advances to the vibration reduction system.
Ces acronymes bien compliqués qui ont maintenant un sens, sont en fait les marches de l’histoire de Nikon.
Ils nous permettent aujourd’hui de voir quelles ont été les avancées technologiques liées au boîtiers ou aux objectifs, voire aux deux.
Cette page chez pixelliste reprend la description des sigles à travers l’Histoire de Nikon. Il est surtout très bien illustré et permet de bien comprendre les différences entre tel et tel sigle.
Cette page là chez Bythom reprend plus ou moins les mêmes éléments (en anglais, source du tableau des acronyms ci-dessus) et comprend en plus un tableau de compatibilité des objectifs et des boîtiers.
